Media and Cognitive Science: A Study of the Screen Structure of TV News Channels with Consideration in Cognitive Load Theory

Hakimara, Mohammad Ali; Nemati Anaraki, Davoud; Abolfathi, Leyla

doi:10.22082/cr.2020.131440.2060

Media and Cognitive Science: A Study of the Screen Structure of TV News Channels with Consideration in Cognitive Load Theory

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mohammad Ali Hakimara ¹

Davoud Nemati Anaraki ²

Leyla Abolfathi ³

¹ Assistant Prof. in Psychology, IRIB Uni., Tehran, Iran

² Associate Prof. in Communication Sciences, IRIB Uni., Tehran, Iran

³ Journalism

https://doi.org/10.22082/cr.2020.131440.2060

Abstract

Information processing is a common field between media and cognitive science. The TV screen uses technology to place information in audio, video, and text modes, in the form of fixed and moving text and context messages, so that the brain can process information in auditory and visual modalities. Increasing the processing capacity in the media environment is not a privilege in itself, unless the presentation is consistent with the brain's processing capacity and mechanism. Unlike audio and video, which are processed in specific areas of the brain, text processing, which is the audio image of speech, requires the involvement of different areas brain, and improper screen design disrupts information processing. Cognitive load theory based on human cognitive structure has recommended guidelines for screen design that facilitate information absorb and message learning. This paper studied how to use the instructions in the screens of four news channels of IRINN, Iran-International, BBC Persian and CNN based on Split-Attention, modality principle, and redundancy effect. Findings showed that CNN uses information processing technology better in the framework of theory. Also, the findings of the interview showed that the experts of the IRINN are not familiar with the theory and its application.

Keywords

Cognitive Science

Cognitive Load Theory

News Channels

IRINN

20.1001.1.25382977.1400.28.105.1.3

Subjects

Cognitive Sciences

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